Get to know the delightful and unassuming Savannah sparrow. In summertime, look for this bird in grasslands throughout the United States.
What Does a Savannah Sparrow Look Like?
Like many other sparrows, the savannah sparrow’s predominant color is brown — but that doesn’t make it boring! Featuring a whitish breast and a brown back and wings with dark brown streaking, the most identifiable display of color on the bird is the yellow patch over its eye. Brown streaking extends to the upper breast, as well. The top of the head is brown and tan.
While sparrow identification can be tricky in the field, differentiate the Savannah sparrow from others by its lack of a white throat patch and the yellow patch near its eye. In addition, this bird’s thin bill sets it apart from sparrows with thicker bills, such as the song sparrow. Also look for a short notched tail.
Range and Habitat
Savannah sparrows call most of the United States home at certain points during the year. During breeding season they’re found in the Northeast, Midwest and Pacific Northwest. In winter, they head to the South and Southeast; when they migrate, they pass through the Great Plains. They’re found along the Pacific coast throughout the year.
Look for a Savannah sparrow in open areas, including grasslands, farmlands, dunes and roadsides. In coastal areas, they’ll also visit tidal saltmarshes.
Diet: What Do Savannah Sparrows Eat?
During breeding season when insects are abundant, Savannah sparrows eat beetles, grasshoppers, caterpillars, spiders, and other bugs. In winter, their diet shifts to include grass seeds and berries, and, along coastlines, small crustaceans.
Nesting Habits
Savannah sparrows are ground nesters. Nests are usually hidden among grass or weeds, where overhanging grass creates a “tunnel” for a bird to access the structure. Female lays two to six (usually four) eggs and can have up to four broods per year. Incubation period for eggs is about two weeks; in another two weeks, young leave the nest.
Calls and Sounds
The Savannah sparrow’s song consists of a series of buzzy, jumbled notes that concludes with a low trill. It consists of three parts. Listen to the Savannah sparrow’s song.
Bird sounds courtesy of Cornell Lab of Ornithology
Sources
- Cornell Lab of Ornithology, “Savannah Sparrow: Life History“
- National Audubon Society, “Field Guide: Savannah Sparrow“
